The statements P and Q , both are correct therefore option A is correct.
Explanation:
Refractive density([tex]n[/tex]):
1. It is defined as the ratio of speed of light in vacuum and in another medium.
Mathematically,
[tex]n[/tex]=c/v
where c is the speed of light in vacuum and v is the speed of light in another medium.
2.It is the measure of how much the light bends i.e. deviated from it's original path, if it goes from one media to another.
3. Optically denser medium is the medium in which the value of refractive index is greater than that in vacuum and similarly for Optically rarer medium, the value of refractive index is less than that in vacuum.
For example: Refractive index of water =1.33
Refractive index of kerosene =1.44
Therefore Kerosene is optically denser than water.
Hence statement Q is correct.
Mass density:
Mass density (Ф) if defined as the ratio of mass of a substance and it's volume.
Mathematically,
Ф = M / V where M and V are the mass and volume of the substance
NOTE:
We see that there is no direct relation between refractive index and mass density. Therefore we say that an optically denser/rarer medium may(or may not) possess greater mass density.
For example: Turpentine and water. Mass density of turpentine is less than that of water but its optical density is higher.
Therefore Statement P is correct.
Hence both the statments are correct.
So option (A) is correct.
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