what is water of crystallization? Give 5 examples of compound with water of crystallization.
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Answer:- water molecules forming an essential part of the crystal structure of some compounds.
Ex:- CuSO 4 · 5 H 2O – copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. CoCl 2 · 6 H 2O – cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate. SnCl 2 · 2 H 2O – tin(II) (or stannous) chloride dihydrate.
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The fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of salt is known as the water of crystallization.
The five examples of compounds with water of crystallization are:
- Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate and the chemical formula is CoCl₂.6H₂O. So the cobalt chloride has 6 molecules of water of crystallization.
- Sodium carbonate decahydrate and the chemical formula is Na₂CO. 10H₂O. So the sodium carbonate has 10 molecules of water of crystallization. This compound is also termed washing soda.
- Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate and the chemical formula is CuSO₄.5H₂O. So the copper sulfate has 5 molecules of water of crystallization. This compound is useful as an antiseptic.
- Tin(II) (or stannous) chloride dihydrate and the chemical formula is SnCl₂·2H₂O. So the stannous chloride has 2 molecules of water of crystallization.
- Hydrated calcium sulfate and the chemical formula is CaSO₄·2H₂O. So 2 molecules of water of crystallization are present in calcium sulfate. For manufacturing Plaster Of Paris, we used this compound.
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