Answer:
The number of columns is 5.
Step-by-step explanation:
In statistics, a contingency table is a table in a matrix form that displays the frequency distribution of the variables.
Chi-square test for independence is a type of null hypothesis significance test associated with a contingency table.
The chi-square test for independence uses the chi-square distribution to decide whether the null hypothesis is rejected or not.
The formula for the degrees of freedom associated with a chi-square test for independence is given by
[tex]df = (r - 1)(c - 1)[/tex]
where [tex]df[/tex] represents the degrees of freedom, r represents the number of rows and c represents the number of columns.
Substituting the given values
[tex]12 = (4 - 1)(c - 1)[/tex]
[tex]\implies 12 = 3(c - 1)[/tex]
[tex]\implies c - 1=\dfrac{12}{3} =4[/tex]
[tex]\implies c =4+1=5[/tex]
Therefore, the number of columns is 5.
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