Which of the following sentences is punctuated correctly? O Ms. Giardi arrived before we did didn't she? O Ms. Giardi arrived, before we did, didn't she? O Ms. Giardi arrived before we did, didn't she? O Ms. Giardi arrived before we did. Didn't she?

Answer:

Explanation:

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Answer:

the atomic size, electronegativity, properties of compounds (and so forth) of the diagonal members are similar.

Explanation:

the answer is option (iii)= both i. and ii

Answer:

a) The ability of fluorine to stabilize the highest oxidation state is attributed to the higher lattice energy or high bond enthalpy.

b)Co2+ has three unpaired electrons so it would be paramagnetic in nature, hence Co2+ ion would be attracted to the magnetic field.

c) The transition elements of the 5d series have 4f orbitals which offer 5d electrons very weak shielding from nuclear force. Hence there is greater effective nuclear charge acting on outer valence electrons. Hence first ionisation energy of 5 d series of transition elements is higher than that of 3d and 4d series

Explanation:

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a)

• When transition metals move to higher oxidation states, they donate electrons md become electropositive. Fluorine is a highly electronegative and bonds with electropositive elements and makes them more stable by forming strong covalent bonds.

b)

• Co2+ has three unpaired electrons so it would be paramagnetic in nature.
• Paramagnetic elements are elements with unpaired electrons in the d-orbitals and are attracted to magnetic field.
• Hence Co2+ ion would be attracted to the magnetic field.

c)

• Transition elements of 5-d series have 4f orbitals which provide very less shielding.
• Hence, greater effective nuclear charge will be needed on the outermost valence shell.

Answer:

Here is the solution of your question

The conversion can be brought by the following method.

Explanation:

(a)  Phenol to N-phenylethanamide

• Phenol is first treated with zinc dust.
• This brings the removal of the -OH group.
• A nitration reaction is carried out, which converts it into nitrobenzene.
• Diazotisation is carried out next, hence annilne is formed.
• Finally, acetyl chloride and pyridine are added, which forms the final product N-phenylethanamide

(b) Chloroethane to methanamine

• Ethyl chloride is reacted with aqueous NaOH, which forms ethyl alcohol.
• Reduction is carried out, ethyl alcohol is converted into acetic acid.
• Ammonia, and then reaction with Br₂/KOH is done.
• The final product methanamine is formed.

(c) Propanenitrile to ethanol

• H₃O⁺ is reacted with Propanenitrile.
• Br₂/NaOH further leads to the formation of Ethanamine.
• Further reaction with HNO₂ and PCC leads to the final product.