Answer:
12 additional molecules of ATP are required during the synthesis of one glucose molecule in sugarcane than in rice plants.
Explanation:
Rice is an example of a C3 plant while sugarcane belongs to the category of C4 plants.
The C3 pathway requires 2 molecules of NADPH and 3 molecules of ATP for the production of one [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] molecule. And since six turns of the Calvin cycle are required to produce 1 glucose molecule thus, a total of 12 NADPH and 18 ATP molecules are required for the synthesis of one molecule of glucose.
C4 plants, on the other hand, require 5 additional molecules of ATP as the process moves from mesophyll cells to bundle sheath cells and then back to mesophyll cells thus, requiring more energy. As a result, six turns of the cycle require 30 molecules of ATP and 12 molecules of NADPH.
Hence, 12 additional molecules of ATP are required during the synthesis of one glucose molecule in sugarcane than in rice plants.