Answer:
The Gas is Ozone having the chemical formula O3 .
Explanation:
A. let us know about Ozone formation at the higher levels of atmosphere:
- Sun gives out UV rays or ultra-violet radiation which which affects the oxygen in the higher levels of atmosphere
- The oxygen molecule (O2) is split by the this UV rays coming from the sun.
- The molecular oxygen (O2) , (O2) ---> O + O splits into free Oxygen atoms which then combines with other oxygen atoms or oxygen molecule (O2) ,forming O3 that is ozone .
Hence due to this constant chemical reaction taking place due to sun's heat and radiation results in the formation of Ozone layer.
B. Ozone is essential for all living beings because it protects us from harmful UV rays from reaching the lower levels of atmosphere . UV rays are harmful for human beings as it causes Skin Cancer.
C. The depletion of this gas is caused by CFCs that is chlorofluro-carbons that are released from air-conditioners, refrigerators which when reaches the stratosphere releases Chlorine that destroys ozone molecules. Also when bromine reacts with Ozone it splits the ozone molecule causing ozone depletion.