The P wave in the ECG indicates
a.Atrial depolarization
b.Rapid ventricular depolarization
c.Absolute refractory period
d.Repolarization of the ventricles
The P wave and PR segment is an integral part of an electrocardiogram (ECG). It represents the electrical depolarization of the atria of the heart. It is typically a small positive deflection from the isoelectric baseline that occurs just before the QRS complex.
Plasmids are extra-chromosomal, self replicating, usually circular, double stranded DNA molecules found naturally in many bacteria and also in some yeasts. It was discovered by Willium Hays and Joshua. Lederberg in 1952.
Non-essential amino acids are synthesized in the human body during protein anabolism and protein catabolism. Non-essential amino acids are those that can be synthesized by the body and are different from essential amino acids that are obtained from food.
To be born with sickle cell disease, a child has to inherit a copy of the sickle cell gene from both their parents. This usually happens when both parents are "carriers" of the sickle cell gene, also known as having the sickle cell trait.
Sickle cell disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. This means that a child will not inherit the disease unless both parents pass down a defective copy of the gene. It is the blood-related disease where haemoglobin structure is distorted from spherical to sickle-shaped.